City-States in Lower Mesopotamia :: Ancient Egypt Egyptian History

City-states in Lower MesopotamiaFactors that contributed to the outcome of city-states in Lower Mesopotamia and the catch the landscape vie in the formation of the finish which emerged.For this essay I considered the question of what factors contributed to the emergence of city-states in Lower Mesopotamia and the influence the landscape played in the formation of the civilization which emerged. Through my research on this yield I found that there is much evidence to support the admit that landscape was a very large influence on the emergence of civilization and that most of the contributing factors were, in some air, linked to geography.In order to fully understand the topic, I first explored what the definition of civilization is. The first criterion for civilization, that I could think of, is domestication and an agricultural preservation capable of producing a stored surplus. From this, I felt the need to examine the origins of Mesopotamian agriculture. With the frozen re treat after the last ice-age (roughly 10000 BC) the Mesopotamian climate improved and galore(postnominal) modern plants and animals began to become concentrated in specific areas. Around 9000 BC the vast majority of Mesopotamian peoples were hunter-gatherers. With the concentrations of plants and animals being in specific areas these hunter-gatherers soon began to crop those plants and animals and a sedentary village farming pattern arose. This became the predominant way of life around 6000 BC. This change from food collecting to food producing was oneness of the major transformations in human history. Early peoples no longer had to stand the nomadic life of hunter-gatherers but could settle down in age slight housing and produce their own food. It also began an economic change that alter social and political institutions, religion, etc.Domestication is the process of altering plants and animals so that they are no longer bound to the natural habitats of their wild ancestors. In essence they become much productive and useful to people. This process sometimes even includes changes in the genetics of the domesticated plant or animal. In Mesopotamia the major domesticated species of plants were wheat, barley, chickpeas, peas, grapes, olives, walnuts, almonds, pistachios, apricots, dates, and figs. The major domesticated species of animals were cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs. Some of the genetic changes brought near through domestication and the careful breeding of plants and animals include plants that were bred to have more and bigger useful parts and animals that were initially bred to be smaller and less aggressive, and only later to have more of their useful parts.